We always wonder that our Aunt who is living in the US right now is experiencing day whereas we experience a night at the same time. We will learn about the science behind happening day and night. Earth revolves around the sun, it is tilted to or away from the sun which causes seasonal changes on our planet. We will even go to the Moon in this chapter and understand the different phases of the moon.  The solar system came into being about 4.5 billion years ago. We will learn about 8 planets, stars, and galaxies. At last, we will learn about various comets and artificial satellites.

The sun appears to move across the sky because the earth rotates on its axis. The sunlight falls on only one side of the earth. The earth takes a whole day to make one rotation which is a total of 24 hours. Therefore, when the earth rotates day is followed by night and where there is the night it turns into day.

During the winter season, sunlight strikes the northern hemisphere at a shallow angle for a short period of time. While it’s winter in the northern hemisphere it’s summer in the southern hemisphere. Because of the earth’s tilt, the seasons are reversed. Compared to winter, summer days are warmer and the Sun stays in the sky much longer. 

The phases of the Moon depend on its position concerning the Sun and Earth. As the Moon makes its way around the Earth, we see the bright parts of the Moon’s surface at different phases. So The next time you look up and see the moon in the sky, take a moment and see if you can identify which phase of the moon you are seeing, try to figure out which one will come next.

The solar system is located in the Milkyway galaxy’s Orion star cluster. The solar system consists of eight planets and a host of asteroids, comets, and meteors.  The Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth; some planets also have natural Satellites. Venus is the brightest planet in the night sky. Jupiter is the largest planet in the system.

We all love star gazing right? Sometimes we spot various patterns formed by stars in the sky. The stars forming a group that has a recognizable shape is called a constellation. There are various types of constellations like Ursa Major, Cassiopeia, and Orion, etc. You can easily identify these constellations in the night sky.

A Comet appears generally as a bright head with a long tail. The length of the tail grows in size as it approaches the sun. We may sometimes see bright streaks of light in as shooting stars, although they are not stars. They are called meteors. A piece of rock or metal that has fallen to the ground from outer space is called a meteorite.         

A satellite is an object that has been intentionally placed into orbit. These objects are called artificial satellites. They revolve around the Earth much closer than the earth’s natural satellite. Satellites can range in size from television to large trucks depending on their work.